Spying on the Pacific

Spying justified because Nauru is ‘serious threat to New Zealand’, says Prime Minister

the Civilian,

5 March, 2015

Prime Minister John Key this afternoon conceded that New Zealand’s Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) may, in fact, be spying on the tiny island nation of Nauru, but said that such action would be “entirely justified”, as Nauru poses a “serious” and “existential threat” to New Zealand.

“Look, at the end of the day, I think most New Zealanders would understand, it’s very easy for people like [leader of the opposition] Andrew Little to throw stones from afar, and criticise this kind of thing,” he said. “But when you get thrust into my position, if you like, you realise that there are certain things, certain facts that you become aware of, that leave you with very little choice.”

It is unclear when New Zealand’s surveillance on Nauru’s single telephone began, but documents obtained by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden suggest it has been “significantly ramped up” since 2009.

Key said that it was “very easy” for most people to underestimate the threat from Nauru’s population of a mere 9,300, tiny economy, insolvent national bank, small-scale phosphate mining, economic reliance on Australia, 21 square kilometre total land area, 97% obesity rate, kidney and heart disease epidemics, and fully functional runway that takes up the entire length of one side of the island.

He said Nauru possessed a military that was ‘highly unpredictable’, in that there was no evidence that it currently exists.

“I think that’s one thing that, in our work, we’ve found to be very suspicious,” said Key. “Frankly, when you look at most nations, you can say ‘okay, we’re not 100% sure about this or that, but we know their general capability, their numbers, that kind of thing, et cetera.’

“When you look at Nauru, you find nothing, and you have to ask: ‘what are they hiding?’”

While there is no known information about Nauru’s enigmatic military, it does have an armed police force, bolstered by legendary young cadet Raynor Tom, who possesses the island’s only printed nametag.

Key also pointed to the fact that the current leader of Nauru’s parliament, Ludwig Scotty, was previously ousted from the presidency in a vote of no confidence in 2007.

“So from that, I think, you can get the sense that there’s, if you like, a certain degree of political turmoil going on here,” he explained. “Countries with fractured politics like that, you just don’t know. They could do anything, really.”

Despite its size, Nauru’s national airline has a fleet of five aircraft, which Key noted was “one more than was involved in 9/11.”

Neither Ludwig Scotty or President Baron Waqa were available to comment on this story, as phone calls to Nauru are really quite expensive, to be honest.

Snowden revelations: John Key failing leadership test with terrorists-under-the-bed response

David Fisher

NZ Herald,

5 March, 2015

John Key worked to undermine the spying revelations before he knew what they were.

Even before the New Zealand Herald approached his office for comment, he offered a "guarantee" the revelations today would be wrong.

Then, exactly like those in the United States, he pulled out the terrorism bogeyman, presumably as some sort of cure-all for allegations of over-reach by our intelligence agencies.

It's a hackneyed line that was trotted out early overseas and - two years after the initial revelations from Snowden - there has not been a single, sustainable example to justify the extent of the surveillance carried out.

Our partner Five Eyes nations latterly took a more grown-up approach. There have been parliamentary inquiries, public hearings and greater degrees of information made available.

But we get the terrorists-under-the-bed response.

It should be noted that here in New Zealand, the State Services Commission urged the Government in July 2014 to make more information available to the public.

SSC reviewers told the intelligence community: "It is hard to determine exactly how much trust the public has in the New Zealand intelligence agencies. What is clear, however, is the widespread lack of public awareness of the threats New Zealand actually faces, and of the extent to which NZIC helps counter them.

"Suspicions and mistrust have more room to flourish in the absence of information."

Some activities need to be protected, it said, but "a much more transparent approach could be possible in other areas".

There has actually been an improvement here by the actual intelligence agencies but the responses to the Snowden documents from the Prime Minister does not dignify the hard work done by some officials in that area.

There should be no doubt that surveillance is necessary. Intelligence is critical. 

That is not the debate. What has grown in the Five Eyes nations, by stealth, is the extent of that surveillance.

In prior times, it was restrained by technology. Snowden's documents reveal that, now, there is no technological restraint. Now, there are almost no limits to what we can know. That is why, from 2009, we started taking everything from the Pacific and sending it to the United States.

Once it became technologically possible, the fear of not knowing what we don't know - to mangle US Secretary of Defence Donald Rumsfeld's famous line - drove the intelligence agencies onward.

But the question is not "can we", but "should we".

At what point do we surrender the ongoing burden we all bear in maintaining our democratic and free society.

Mr Key has spoken of New Zealand paying "the price of the club". Well, there is a cost for democracy and freedom, too. It is a burden, and that is the responsibility to accept the possibility some within that society will abuse those freedoms.

There is effort required to counter that, but to remove it completely requires the surrender of democracy and freedom.

In one of his last speeches as director of the GCSB, Ian Fletcher spoke of the rise of privacy as the issues of the data revolution. He quoted Thomas Hobbs in 1651 in Leviathan, in which we surrendered our "private right to violence to the state in return for a framework of order". He quoted historian Ian Morris: "War made the state, and the state made peace."

Fletcher, who brought the first non-military eye to the GCSB in its existence, was right to put these concepts forward.

The "data revolution", as Mr Fletcher termed it, poses similar questions. Do we surrender our private right to privacy in order to be free of the fear of modern-day war in its anarchic, asymetric forms?

Do we give the Government the right to look inside our homes in order to feel safe? In order to be marginally more safe? Do we double-deal, as it seems we have done, and tell the Pacific we are a benevolent and friendly nation while trampling its sovereignty and selling its privacy to pay our "price of the club"?

The answer could well be "no", as it was when David Lange rejected the United States and its nuclear weapons.

Then, as now, the shadow of fear was cast over New Zealand.

It is 30 years ago this month since Mr Lange delivered his address at the Oxford Union - a large step towards our maturity as a modern nation with a truly independent foreign policy.

Mr Key would do well to read Mr Lange's address, and the issues raised by Mr Fletcher.

Refusing to have a debate is not leadership, and a truly free and democratic society needs leadership on this issue.

GCSB committing crimes against whole countries - Greens