Showing posts with label Michael Mann. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Michael Mann. Show all posts

Monday, 12 February 2024

Mea Culpa

I have had to amend my outlook based on a defamation case in Washington DC

Seemorerocks 
 

For 30 odd years, since I read an article in the Bangkok Post on what was then called the Greenhouse Effect I have been living under a set of assumptions. This was reinforced by my own reading of what was happening in the environment as well as by a graph produced in the early 1990’s, which became known as the hockey stick which showed a stable climate until the onset of the industrial revolution when global temperatures increased rapidly in a way, we were told, was unprecedented in earth’s history.



All of this made complete logical sense, especially seen in the light of the exponential function (It’s just arithmetic’). Despite an early period of influence from Al Gore during which I read his book Earth in the Balance, and later his movie, An Inconvenient Truth,


I never came under the sway of the concensus but became a climate alarmist, especially after being influenced by Guy McPherson, Paul Beckwith and Sam Carana, author of the Arctic News blog and the theory presented as fact, of abrupt climate change. 


According to the above, the planet had already passed the 1.5C global temperature increase by the time of the 2016 Paris COP-16 meeting and we could see within the next year an ice-free Arctic followed by a rapid set of events that would lead to melting and  a release of methane clathrates from the depths of the Arctic Ocean and extinction of humans by 2030 - this according to Guy McPherson.


By about 2018 I was noticing strange phenomena in the sky that could not be explained by ‘more cloud’ and so I posed questions on social media about what I was seeing (those were the days before the Great Censorship). Everything pointed to geoengineering and ‘chemtrails’. There No other explanation was ever forthcoming.


For that sin I was unceremoniously cast out of the McPherson cult and I was free to follow my own investigation and thought processes. The first conclusion I came to was that what the abrupt climate change people took as fact was in fact a theory but continued, in conjunction with a researcher, Margo, to look at the Arctic ice during the melt season which, indeed, was in a parlous state. Just a thin slush really. 


Mainstream science was in full denial about the data which supported a rapid melting of the ice and it stood in the face of what climate change deniers were saying about Arctic ice being in fine shape and the melt just being another lie put out by the climate change scamsters.


Then along came the 2020 Covid-19 plandemic and the gradual realisation that we were being lied to about just about everything including climate change and the ‘solutions’ being forced down our throats by the World Economic Forum, right down to governments and every public institution, including the mass media.


The Great Reset and Agenda-2030 were never referred to (they were called a ‘conspiracy theory’) but they underlie every action by governments everywhere, at every level. It doesn’t take a genius mind to see this is all bullshit being forced down the throat of a credulous public that had already swallowed covid and the ‘solution’, the mRNA gene therapy shots sold as “vaccines”.


Almost to a man McPherson and all the abrupt climate change people swallowed the whole narrative and dutifully lined up to be injected.  Then Sam Carana, whose word I had by-and-large accepted, called for ‘climate change deniers’ to be put in concentration camps.


I was freed to come to try and make sense of all this and make my own tentative conclusions without too much external influence. I had already seen that much of what we were being spoon fed was surrounded by so many lies and so so much fraud that it was, at least, subject to question.


So much comes back to one graph, the hockey stick put forward by climate scientist, Michael Mann. 



What if this was largely fraudulent and subject to data manipulation?


Then came along what could be the trial-of-the decade - a 12 year old defamation case taken by Mann against journalist and broadcaster, Mark Steyn, and scientist, Rand Sinberg over comments they had allegedly made comparing Mann to a convicted pedophile, Jerry Sanduski.


Finally, it was possible to hear all the arguments of plaintiff and defendant alike, not in blogs or (in Mann’s case), social media posts but under oath in a court of law.


For the past few weeks I have been following the trial every day and I have to say what I have heard has turned my life upside down and challenged what I had  been taking for granted for 30 years. 


Twelve years ago, author and broadcaster, Mark Steyn, wrote comments in a blog post in which he compared the coverup of the activities of pedophile, Jerry Sanduski by Penn State University with the cover-up of Michael Mann by university president Graham Spanier. Mann decided to take this as he, Mann being compared with a pedophile and sued for defamation.


This has hung over Steyn for the whole of this period and has cost him a huge amount of money in lawyers fees. In the meantime, he has had three heart attacks and is now in a wheelchair. A similar case against Tim Ball in Canada was dismissed; Michael Mann refused to pay costs so Ball was bankrupted and died in penury a year or so ago and had to have his funeral crowdfunded.


This is what Mann does. 


He uses lawfare in an effort to bankrupt those he regards as enemies as well as to destroy their reputations. He described the mild-natured Tim Ball as a “human piece of shit” and compared another critic, statistician Stephen McIntyre to a “white supremacist”.


When it comes to defamation whatever the thin-skinned Mann accuses others of many times over. Here are just a few examples.


I have written about this in some detail


The fraud of Dr. Michael E Mann revealed


He has claimed in all his literature to be a Nobel Prize laureat. He is not and in fact the Nobel committee had to provide a letter to this effect. Under cross examination he had to admit this was a “mistake”.


In one of the great shocks of the trial, when asked under oath how much he was paying to his lawyers Mann had to admit that unlike the defendants he had not had to pay a single penny for the last 12 years and would have no legal debts from the case regardless of whether he won or lost.

Mann: Thus far, I don't believe that I have made payments, but I'm not sure. I don't think I have.

Question: So, you don't think you've paid any money in 12 years for your lawyers in this case, is that right?

Mann: As of yet, not to my knowledge.

Question: And you don't have a financial debt to any of these lawyers or their law firms for legal fees that you will have to pay, win or lose, after this trial?

Mann: I'm not sure about that. I don't think I do

That is a sure indication that there were powerful forces behind him.


It was up to Michael Mann to prove his case and that he had suffered from the defamation. 


He totally failed to do that. 


In one amusing exchange with Steyn Mann told how he had met someone in a supermarket aisle who gave him a “mean stare”.


He and his lawyers also misled the court by amending figures for the purported decline in grant monies he had received down from $9.7 million in 2020 to $100 thousand in 2023 but despite that gave the original, higher figure to the court.


There was also testimony from numerous witnesses such as Judith… that Michael Mann had not suffered but gained, financially as well as in reputation after the 2012 articles by Sinberg and Steyn.


There were many indications, listening to reenactments, that the judge was sympathetic to the Steyn/Simberg case; he indicated in his summing-up that the onus was on the plaintiff to prove his case. 


However, he did not have the backbone to dismiss the case.


Throughout the case the media was conspicuous by its absence and there was no coverage. However, on the last day of the trial some media turned up and the Washington Post published an article.


After waiting 12 years, this famed climate scientist fights his critics in court

Climatologist Michael Mann is suing two bloggers, part of a mounting campaign to defend scientists against attacks from right-wing critics

The jury received their instructions from the closing remarks of the plaintiff’s lawyer, John Williams and by the mouthpiece of the Deep State, the Washington Post.


Whatever the considerable merits of the defendants’ case, whatever the sympathies of the judge the outcome was predetermined. 


No matter what the reality the ‘embattled’, ‘famed’ climate scientist had to have his victory against ‘right wing’ ‘climate change deniers’ - truth be damned.


The Deep State had to win.


Instead of Michael Mann’s case being thrown out or of Simberg and Steyn winning the jury decided against the defendants and awarded Mann $1 million.


Mann was able to say: “I hope this verdict sends a message that falsely attacking climate scientists is not protected speech.”


The following is a reaction to the verdict

verdict





With a trillion dollar industry at stake and depending on Michael Mann’s hockey stick for its justification there was no way in the world that a pesky journalist could be allowed to stand in the way.


In my opinion, none of this can be separated from the political civil war being waged in the United States, from the wars being waged around the world, from the World Economic Forum and its Great Reset or, indeed, from anything that has occurred in the last four years with covid. 


We are swimming in an ocean of lies so there should be nothing surprising about this verdict.


We are in a war.


I heard enough from this trial to convince me that the lynchpin of the entire climate change narrative, Michael Mann’s hockey stick, is based on misuse of statistics, if not an actual fraud and that is enough to make me edge towards the conclusion that I have been misled over years.


I have become convinced that Mann’s hockey stick


Should look more like this.


This certainly undermines my belief in the scientific consensus in a major way. It does not mean that I have switched over to being a ‘denier’. I have just become a lot more sceptical. I am far too much of an environmentalist to accept the ‘business-as-usual’ arguments from the Right and prefer to admit that I don’t know, just like with the whole covid phenomenon.


I do know lies when I see them however.


Whereas before I saw a straight line I am now more open to seeing cycles and sometimes cycles-within-cycles and accepting that increases in temperatures may precede increases in CO2 levels. 


I have become more averse to certitude.


A lot of what we are told is along the lines of “this is what will happen if we don’t do something” - it’s all in the future and the ‘doing something’ may just be worse than doing nothing.


There are many things that can take us to the collapse of civilisation and they are in the here-and-now, not in the future.


The mass covid ‘vaccine’ is culling our population, making it sicker and less able to function properly.


Birds and insects are disappearing before our eyes.


Then there is the big “elephant in the sky”, ignored and denied by conventional climate science, the spraying of our skies. I regard the evidence for geoengineering as pretty overwhelming.


If you still believe it is a conspiracy theory you probably also believe in the efficacy of the covid “vaccine” or the tooth fairy.


Need I go on?


It takes some courage to acknowledge the totality of what is happening. But I have long since swallowed the red pill and am obligated to change my views, sometimes radically, to accord with the evidence before my eyes.


After weeks of following the Steyn-Mann case I am doing it again.

Thursday, 14 February 2019

More reasons why Dr.MIchael E.Mann is WRONG


Many reasons to proove Dr.Michael Mann WRONG

Yesterday, I posted a video taking strong exception to Dr.Michael E. Mann's attack piece.



Mostly the responses have confirmed my own thoughts, although this one was interesting.

I love how Seemorerocks97 on YT ridicules Mann's work by saying ironically and pathologically that Mann's work looks "unscientific" yet Seemorerocks97 aka Robin's Westenra's own work is full of data holes, not scholarly, not peer-reviewed, not part of any larger dialogue, full of overlooked factors, has no expert oversight, and completely lacks any coherent science whatsoever!


--- Dharma Tiger

Here, again is a "scientific paper" from the ever-hopeful Dr. Mann

With one exception (the article about the president of Finland) every one of these articles is from just ONE day.

Should I have titled this 1001 reasons why Dr. Mann is wrong.



Geologyof the Shelves surrounding the New Siberian Islands, Russian Arctic



It’s interesting to note that this latest data on the aerosol masking effect is from Israel, the first country in the world where global dimming effects were calculated using pan evaporation field tests, no bloody modeling here
---Kevin Hester

We need to rethink everything we know about global warming



Air pollution.
Credit: © darksoul72 / Fotolia
For a while now, the scientific community has known that global warming is caused by humanmade emissions in the form of greenhouse gases and global cooling by air pollution in the form of aerosols.
However, new research published in Science by Hebrew University of Jerusalem Professor Daniel Rosenfeld shows that the degree to which aerosols cool the earth has been grossly underestimated, necessitating a recalculation of climate change models to more accurately predict the pace of global warming.
Aerosols are tiny particles that float in the air. They can form naturally (e.g., desert dust) or artificially (e.g., smoke from coal, car exhaust). Aerosols cool our environment by enhancing cloud cover that reflect the sunlight (heat) back to space.
As for the first, clouds form when wind rises and cools. However, cloud composition is largely determined by aerosols. The more aerosol particles a shallow cloud contains, the more small water droplets it will hold. Rain happens when these droplets bind together. Since it takes longer for small droplets to bind together than it does for large droplets, aerosol-filled or "polluted" clouds contain more water, live in the sky longer (while they wait for droplets to bind and rain to fall, after which the clouds will dissipate) and cover a greater area. All the while, the aerosol-laden clouds reflect more solar energy back into space, thereby cooling the Earth's overall temperature.
To what extent do aerosols cool down our environment? To date, all estimates were unreliable because it was impossible to separate the effects of rising winds which create the clouds, from the effects of aerosols which determine their composition. Until now.
Rosenfeld and his colleague Yannian Zhu from the Meteorological Institute of Shaanxi Province in China developed a new method that uses satellite images to separately calculate the effect of vertical winds and aerosol cloud droplet numbers. They applied this methodology to low-lying cloud cover above the world's oceans between the Equator and 40S. With this new method, Rosenfeld and his colleagues were able to more accurately calculate aerosols' cooling effects on the Earth's energy budget. And, they discovered that aerosols' cooling effect is nearly twice higher than previously thought.
However, if this is true then how come the earth is getting warmer, not cooler? For all of the global attention on climate warming, aerosol pollution rates from vehicles, agriculture and power plants is still very high. For Rosenfeld, this discrepancy might point to an ever deeper and more troubling reality. "If the aerosols indeed cause a greater cooling effect than previously estimated, then the warming effect of the greenhouse gases has also been larger than we thought, enabling greenhouse gas emissions to overcome the cooling effect of aerosols and points to a greater amount of global warming than we previously thought," he shared.
The fact that our planet is getting warmer even though aerosols are cooling it down at higher rates than previously thought brings us to a Catch-22 situation: Global efforts to improve air quality by developing cleaner fuels and burning less coal could end up harming our planet by reducing the number of aerosols in the atmosphere, and by doing so, diminishing aerosols' cooling ability to offset global warming.
According to Rosenfeld, another hypothesis to explain why Earth is getting warmer even though aerosols have been cooling it down at an even a greater rate is a possible warming effect of aerosols when they lodge in deep clouds, meaning those 10 kilometers or more above the Earth. Israel's Space Agency and France's National Centre for Space Studies (CNES) have teamed up to develop new satellites that will be able to investigate this deep cloud phenomenon, with Professor Rosenfeld as its principal investigator.
Either way, the conclusion is the same. Our current global climate predictions do not correctly take into account the significant effects of aerosols on clouds on Earth's overall energy balance. Further, Rosenfeld's recalculations mean fellow scientists will have to rethink their global warming predictions -- which currently predict a 1.5 to 4.5-degree Celsius temperature increase by the end of the 21st century -- to provide us a more accurate diagnosis -- and prognosis -- of the Earth's climate.

Story Source:
Materials provided by The Hebrew University of JerusalemNote: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:
  1. Daniel Rosenfeld, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Youtong Zheng, Tom Goren, Shaocai Yu. Aerosol-driven droplet concentrations dominate coverage and water of oceanic low level cloudsScience, 2019; eaav0566 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav0566
Arctic sea ice loss in past linked to abrupt climate events



A new study on ice cores shows that reductions in sea ice in the Arctic in the period between 30-100,000 years ago led to major climate events. During this period, Greenland temperatures rose by as much as 16 degrees Celsius. The results are published this week (Monday 11 February) in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).


A team from British Antarctic Survey (BAS), University of Cambridge and University of Birmingham studied data from ice cores drilled in Greenland. They looked at oxygen isotopes and compared them to climate models run on the ARCHER supercomputer1. From this they determined that sea ice changes were massively significant in past climate change events in the North Atlantic. These periods, called Dansgaard-Oeschger events2, are some of the fastest and largest abrupt climate changes ever recorded. During some of these events, Greenland temperatures are likely to have increased by 16 degrees Celsius in less than a decade.
President Niinistö in North Russia: ‘If We Lose the Arctic, We Lose theWorld’

It is fitting that we are meeting here in Arkhangelsk, a historical meeting place between the East and West. I approach the event in this spirit: Promoting a meeting of minds with a firm belief that the Arctic will indeed remain a “Territory of Dialogue,” said President Niinistö during his opening remarks at “The Arctic: Territory of Dialogue” forum in Arkhangelsk in North Russia. “My starting point today is the growing threat of climate change. Tackling this challenge is crucial if we want to ensure that the Arctic remains the place it is today. But the issue is of global significance: If we lose the Arctic, we lose the whole world.

Niinistö continued saying that “global warming is a well-documented fact.” “Last year was the warmest year ever in the history of monitoring the Earth’s temperature – and already the third record-warm year in a row.”


“No one can escape the effects of global warming. At the moment, the problem is most acute in the North. The former UN General Secretary Ban Ki-moon has called the Arctic “the Ground Zero for climate change.” The average temperature has risen twice as fast in the Arctic as in most other regions. The summer ice cover reached an all-time low in 2016 and recent reports indicate that this winter has not fully rectified the situation.”

RAINMAKES METHANE FROM THAWING BOGS GO ‘BONKERS’
Researchers have uncovered a new reason for increased methane emissions from a thawing permafrost bog in Alaska: early spring rainfall

Arctic permafrost is thawing as the Earth warms due to climate change. In some cases, scientists predict that this thawing soil will release increasing amounts of methane—a potent greenhouse gas—that is known to trap more heat in our planet’s atmosphere.

The rainfall warms up the bog and promotes the growth of plants and methane-producing microbes. The team shows that early precipitation in 2016 warmed the bog about three weeks earlier than usual, and increased the bog’s methane emissions by 30 percent compared to previous years. These results appear in Geophysical Research Letters.

In general, the chance of generating methane goes up with increased rainfall because soils get waterlogged. But what we see here is different,” says corresponding author Rebecca Neumann, an associate professor in the University of Washington department of civil and environmental engineering.

Early rainfall sent a slog of warm water moving into our bog. We believe microbes in the bog got excited because they were warmed up, so they released nutrients from the soil that allowed more plant growth. Methane production and emission are tightly linked with soil temperature and plant growth.

Our results emphasize that these permafrost regions are sensitive to the thermal effects of rain, and because we’re anticipating that these environments are going to get wetter in the future, we could be seeing increases in methane emissions that we weren’t expecting.”

Verystrong atmospheric methane growth in the four years 2014‐2017:Implications for the Paris Agreement


Abstract
Atmospheric methane grew very rapidly in 2014 (12.7±0.5 ppb/yr), 2015 (10.1±0.7 ppb/yr), 2016 (7.0± 0.7 ppb/yr) and 2017 (7.7±0.7 ppb/yr), at rates not observed since the 1980s. The increase in the methane burden began in 2007, with the mean global mole fraction in remote surface background air rising from about 1775 ppb in 2006 to 1850 ppb in 2017. Simultaneously the 13C/12C isotopic ratio (expressed as δ13CCH4) has shifted, in a new trend to more negative values that have been observed worldwide for over a decade. The causes of methane's recent mole fraction increase are therefore either a change in the relative proportions (and totals) of emissions from biogenic and thermogenic and pyrogenic sources, especially in the tropics and sub‐tropics, or a decline in the atmospheric sink of methane, or both. Unfortunately, with limited measurement data sets, it is not currently possible to be more definitive. The climate warming impact of the observed methane increase over the past decade, if continued at >5 ppb/yr in the coming decades, is sufficient to challenge the Paris Agreement, which requires sharp cuts in the atmospheric methane burden. However, anthropogenic methane emissions are relatively very large and thus offer attractive targets for rapid reduction, which are essential if the Paris Agreement aims are to be attained.


Plain Language Summary
The rise in atmospheric methane (CH4), which began in 2007, accelerated in the past four years. The growth has been worldwide, especially in the tropics and northern mid‐latitudes. With the rise has come a shift in the carbon isotope ratio of the methane. The causes of the rise are not fully understood, and may include increased emissions and perhaps a decline in the destruction of methane in the air. Methane's increase since 2007 was not expected in future greenhouse gas scenarios compliant with the targets of the Paris Agreement, and if the increase continues at the same rates it may become very difficult to meet the Paris goals. There is now urgent need to reduce methane emissions, especially from the fossil fuel industry.

Undersea gases could superheat the planet

The world's oceans could harbor an unpleasant surprise for global warming, based on new research that shows how naturally occurring carbon gases trapped in reservoirs atop the seafloor escaped to superheat the planet in prehistory.

Scientists say events that began on the ocean bottom thousands of years ago so disrupted the Earth's atmosphere that it melted away the ice age. Those new findings challenge a long-standing paradigm that ocean water alone regulated carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during glacial cycles. Instead, the study shows geologic processes can dramatically upset the carbon cycle and cause global change.


For today's world, the findings could portend an ominous development. The undersea carbon reservoirs released greenhouse gas to the atmosphere as oceans warmed, the study shows, and today the ocean is heating up again due to manmade global warming.


If undersea carbon reservoirs are upset again, they would emit a huge new source of greenhouse gases, exacerbating climate change. Temperature increases in the ocean are on pace to reach that tipping point by the end of the century. For example, a big carbon reservoir beneath the western Pacific near Taiwan is already within a few degrees Celsius of destabilizing.


Moreover, the phenomenon is a threat unaccounted for in climate model projections. Undersea carbon dioxide reservoirs are relatively recent discoveries and their characteristics and history are only beginning to be understood.



Those findings come from a new research paperproduced by an international team of Earth scientists led by USC and published in January in the journal Environmental Research Letters.

RISE IN METHANE IS ACCELERATING
The graph shows July 1983 through October 2018 monthly global methane means at sea level, with added trend.

Note that higher methane means can occur at higher altitude than at sea level. On Sep 3, 2018, methane means as high as 1905 ppb were recorded at 307 mb, an altitude at which some of the strongest growth in methane has occurred.

From the post 'CO₂ levels reach another record high', at:

https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/co2-levels-reach-another-record-high.html


Wednesday, 13 February 2019

Looking at Dr. Michael Mann's conspiracy theory video

I have recorded the following rave, (some might call it a rage) with my reponse to the latest political attack video by Dr Michael E.Mann who attacks those that talk honestly about methane without once mentioning the solid science behind this - the work of Natalia Shakhova, Igor Seniletov et.al.

We look at the latest "scientific paper" by Dr. Mann that makes him look more like a fantasist than a climate change scientist.

Dr. Mann is obviously no climate change denier, but he is is a denier of Reality


Michael Mann, Natalia Shakhova and the "methane conspiracy" - who's the scientist?


Here are some apposite comments from Jennifer Hynes.


METHANE MISINFORMATION

Michael Mann uses the same techniques as denialists and Donald Trump. Instead of addressing any of the issues, he resorts to name calling cf. "catastrophists" (on step up from "alarmists"). He also relies on conspiracy theory to explain the reason that people might say that methane emissions are a clear and present danger i.e that the evil conspirators are serving the interests of the petroleum industry. If he is right, then Guy McPherson and Sam Carana must have very big Swiss bank accounts. Well, here's another conspiracy theory. Michael Mann is a CIA plant engaged in a classic misinformation campaign.

One inference is that whoever "they" are are getting increasingly worried about the methane threat meme, and want to nip it in the bud. But they have made a terrible strategic mistake. It would have better served their interests to allow the public's complacency to keep the issue smothered. Now they are raising it without knowledge of the research into cascading feedback loops and the nature of exponential change as "us-lot" have at our disposal. By making the first move, they have exposed their weakness.


Methane at surface [ ppbv ] (provided by CAMS, the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service)

Mike Mann on the “Arctic “methane bomb”

Natalia Shakhova - The Things We See

Organic matter across subsea permafrost thaw horizons on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (Shakhova et.al)




The Hockey Stick: The Most Controversial Chart in Science, Explained

Controlling future summer weather extremes still within our grasp


Here is an interview between Jennifer and Torstein Viddal on the matter.


And for those who have missed it, Jennifer's indispensible backgrounder.



P.S. Here are some comments from Kevin Hester


Michael Mann is a tenured professor at Penn State University which also 'coincidentally' has a department dedicated to the very same US military that is the single largest user of hydro carbons on the planet and have been looking at climate change as an existential problem for decades.

Below are some comments from a You Tube interview he made with Thom Hartmann which I have posted in the comments section of my blog post on "The Liar Michael Mann".

1. 41 “We need to go to zero emissions within a decade or two if we’re going to avoid the threshold of dangerous interference with our climate”. Mann pretending we haven’t already entered a time of dangerous interference with our climate.

5.44; “There is still time to avoid crossing the 2C threshold”

He cannot believe that nonsense so he must be lying.

“We will have to bring emissions down by 5% or more for the next decade or two if we are going to avoid 2C” If you believe that you aren’t paying attention.
8.39 “Later in the century may literally need to start sucking some of that carbon dioxide back out of the atmosphere”. Carbon capture and storage at scale is fantasy technology and he knows it.

“A price on carbon, a market signal will help us move in the direction we need to and electing politicians who will support our interests”.

It is impossible that Mann could be so naive, he’s lying and it’s obvious.

My guess is the military industrial complex have promised him and his family a position in a bunker when collapse unfolds. 

The single largest difference between Carana, McPherson, Westenra and Hester and the Liar Michael Mann is that only the last person named derives a salary from his work, the restof us do it for the living planet and all the earthlings on it.

We refuse to be the last generation of elders lying to the last generation of youth.



P.S.