Showing posts with label fractional reserve banking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fractional reserve banking. Show all posts

Tuesday, 15 January 2019

The French bank run and "Money as Debt"

If you are unfamilar with the way the banks create money and debt (and the vast majority have NO CLUE whatsoever) the video below, "Money As Debt" is essential viewing.
French Banks Reportedly Begin To CLOSE, NOT ALLOWING WITHDRAWALS Ahead Of Yellow Vest Bank Run

12 January, 2018

PARIS, France – Banks in France are reportedly either outright closing down, or experiencing “ATM glitches,” as the Yellow Vest’s planned “bank run” enters it’s first scheduled day today.

Many believe that for every $100 of deposits, French banks have an average of $3000 of loaned money: a ratio of nearly 30 to one. This means that out of a population of 67.12 million, a bank run of only 2 million citizens could be absolutely catastrophic for France, and by extension the EU. Below is a video which helps explain the “fractional reserve” banking scheme used in France and many other countries:



These reported bank closures and ATM “glitches” remind many of the situation in Greece, where, during their economic collapse, banks implemented massive capital controls and restricted withdrawals to only 60 Euros per person, and people allegedly were waiting over 10 hours at ATM machines to withdraw this paltry sum.

Besides bank restrictions, the French government is also set to impose new laws and regulations designed to curtail the protests. New regulations allow police to search, without reason, the belongings of any person attending a protest; banning certain persons from attending protests; and even covering ones face during a protest, allegedly designed to stop protesters from wearing scarves to block out tear gas, and force protesters to endure the constant chemical weapons they are being barraged by the French police with.


Saturday, 20 April 2013

Professor Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University lays into the banking system


Explosive Video on Ending Fractional Reserve Lending and Bank Corruption at Philadelphia Fed Conference


At an economic conference at the Philadelphia Fed, academics gathered to discuss fixing the banking system, including ending fractional reserve lending. The video is quite entertaining to say the least.

Professor Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University really lays into the banking system a few minutes into the recording. Play it!


Tuesday, 20 November 2012

Capital Account

Steve Keen on Private Money Creation & the Myth of Fractional Reserve Lending


Thursday, 7 June 2012

Chris Trotter on Fractional Reserve Banking


This needs to be preserved for posterity!

Chris Trotter, not a bad commentator as they go, has said it “money is created out of thin air”

Creating money out of thin air
Ever wondered where home loans come from? It's worth a moment's thought


Chris Trotter

5 May, 2012

A bank extends someone a line of credit amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars - from where? Where does the money come from? Is there a vast vault somewhere, filled with cash, like Scrooge McDuck's money bin? Does the bank simply lower a big basket into the pile and haul up a home loan?

No. In reality, home loans are book entries - nothing more. The bank assesses its clients' credit-worthiness, fixes a repayments schedule, and, during the next 15 to 20 years, in addition to recovering the loan, charges them an eye-wateringly large sum for the privilege of using its purely nominal capital.

So, in the beginning, there's a book entry, and, by the end, the bank has taken thousands of dollars of its client's very real cash, cancelled its book entry, pocketed the interest, and started the process all over again with a new generation of dupes - oops! - I mean clients.

Home loans are, therefore, a kind of wager. The bank bets on the debtor's ability to repay, with interest, a sum of money which, strictly speaking, it does not possess.

Since most human-beings are decent sorts, who almost always keep their word, this is a pretty safe bet on the bank's part. Indeed, if we're being truthful, the risk of the bank losing on the deal is negligible.

(After all, it holds a mortgage on the house!) In fact, you could even argue that it's the debtor who, through years of honest toil, creates his or her own home loan - while, simultaneously, paying the bank a small fortune for being generous enough to believe that its client was good for the money.

This is a monstrous sort of power, made even more frightening by being placed in private hands. Surely, the ability to financially enslave a reasonably large chunk of the population (mortgage, literally translated from the Old French, means "a death- dealing pledge") shouldn't be entrusted to just anyone.

If someone's going to create money out of thin air, and then charge people to participate in the conjuring trick, then, surely, that someone ought to be the state?

That is certainly what a great many New Zealanders used to believe. Which is why, 30 years ago, the state used to own the Bank of New Zealand, the Post Office Savings Bank and the Rural Bank.

It also, almost certainly, explains why a state-owned institution called the State Advances Corporation could finance couples into a first home at an interest rate of 3 per cent.

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The singular advantage states enjoy over both individuals and private institutions when lending money is immortality. Citizens, real and corporate, come and go but the citizenry lives forever.

In practical terms, this means the state can afford to extend credit on vastly longer time horizons than any private financier. It also means it can lend with far greater assurance than the largest private bank. Being the institutional expression of its citizens' collective needs and interests, the state is really only lending to itself.

Back in the late 1930s, the first Labour government used precisely this argument to finance its massive state housing programme.

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand lent millions of pounds to the government at nominal interest rates on the security of the thousands of homes it was about to build, and the rentals those houses would provide to the Treasury for decades to come.

It also knew that by setting such a construction programme in motion, and by using New Zealand sourced materials wherever possible, thousands of new jobs would be created, and that the men and women who were hired to do those jobs would pay taxes to the state instead of drawing welfare payments from its dwindling coffers.

Was the credit advanced to the government by the Reserve Bank ever repaid? Nobody's quite sure. What we do know, because they stand all around us, is that thousands of houses were constructed for families to live in, at rents they could afford, and that thousands found jobs that paid them a living wage and freed them from the dole.

Some might say that if these achievements are considered as interest on its loans, then the Reserve Bank, and the nation for whom it acted, got a very good return on its investment.

Surveying the global havoc wreaked by the world's privately owned financial institutions, I am moved to inquire whether any of them should ever again be permitted to create money out of thin air.

And looking at the huge number of homes that need to be built in Christchurch and around New Zealand, perhaps the best place to turn for the financial resources required to build a fair and prosperous future - is to ourselves


Tuesday, 28 February 2012

UK has run out of money'

'Britain on path of bankruptcy'
A prominent professor says UK’s economic and financial model is a failure amid Chancellor George Osborne’s announcement that the country has run out of money.
  

27 February, 2012

Press TV has conducted an interview with Rodney Shakespeare, professor of binary economics, to further discuss the issue. 

To watch the interview GO HERE

The following is a transcription of the interview. 

Press TV: Osborne specifically said: “The British government has run out of money because all the money was spent in the good years." Is this case of blaming the previous government legitimate? 

Shakespeare: The chancellor’s statement is a stark admission that the present economic and financial model is finished, and that he has no way to correct it. Indeed it is a stark admission that he has no real understanding of the nature of the problem. 

It is not that the government’s debt is roughly 75 percent of GDP is overly high; it is that all the debt in the UK at 500 percent of GDP is out of control. And of that 500 percent, 200 percent is due to the financial institutions. 

Osborne should start by correcting the cause of the problem which is to take control of the banks who’ve created money endlessly at compound interest and have failed to put it into the real economy and the spreading of the real economy. And he can do that by a gentle rise in banking reserves. 

At the same time, he should then open up an interest free supply administered by the banks for the spreading of the real economy to every person in society. And that, though, would be interest free and it would be national money and repayable to the national bank. 

But he’s not prepared to do that because he represents the paradigm of an...interest bearing vampire-squid economy only concerned with the one percent sucking up all the time a percentage of wealth to themselves and having no concern for the 99 percent. 

Osborne’s admission is a complete failure and he does not understand that not only has the system failed, it is corrupt, it is finished. But he does not understand what is the only way forward. 

Press TV: Speaking about a way forward, professor Shakespeare, Osborne has also said that there will be no tax cuts and increased spending or borrowing. Is that the right move? 

Shakespeare: All of those statements that he’s just made, that you just referred to there, are in fact proposals within the existing paradigm and are ignoring the straight fact that a 500 percent of GDP of UK’s debt is completely and utterly out of control. 

At the same time, all these debts are not related to the real economy and the building of the real economy. I mean, they’re running around in circles desperately saying let’s do this or let’s not do that, and failing to see that the system itself is going down. 

It’s the same with the other countries. It’s the same in Europe. This is why country after country after country is falling into un-repayable debt and they come up with what might be termed the traditional solutions but none of them are going to work. And all of them have the effect of making the situation worse. 

So he must stand up and start by saying the system is corrupt, it’s failed, we have to find a new way of thinking. But to do that, he’s going to have to challenge the banks. He’s going to have to say we’re going to overthrow the corrupt practices of the banks, and the understanding that the banks are at the center of efficiency, of justice and wealth. 

When you start and say that, and you understand that, then you can find new policy. 

But since Osborne is controlled by the banks, I’m afraid it’s highly unlikely that he’s going to do it. 

Press TV: Professor, what of the private sector? Is encouraging the private sector to pick up the slack the right move on the part of the British government? 

Shakespeare: Well, by the private sector he means bank lending. What he must do is encourage a form of lending which is interest free and which, in fact, directly acts on the real economy and the spreading of the real economy. 

But he has no concept of actually spreading the real economy. They don’t understand that all the time ownership is getting concentrated, that most of the spending goes into anything except the real economy. 

You see, the political establishments, and it’s not just the UK for example in all European countries, is controlled by a corrupt banking elite. You have to hit straight at that elite and its practices, and the understanding you have to cut the banks down to size, you have to ensure that any lending - they can lend their own money and throw it away but they must not be allowed to create money out of nothing and then throw it away in such a way that it then creates, for example, debt at 200 percent of GDP which is at the present contribution of the banks to the disastrous situation in the UK. 

We need a new paradigm thinking and Osborne is part of the old paradigm. 
Petrol reaches new high as UK hit by Iran ban
Oil makes our world go round. But the fuel that drives Britain's economy is soaring in cost. 







Lack of public transport forces drivers into debt
Drivers are being forced to go into debt to run their cars, according to a group of charities.


BBC, 27 February, 2012


They claim rising costs means over one million people in Wales would need to spend at least 10% of their income to have a car.

Led by Sustrans Cymru, they want councils and UK and Welsh governments to spend more on public transport.

The Welsh government said it was committed to improving mobility and was targeting resources where most needed.

The report called Access Denied says a lack of alternatives to having a car is forcing people to choose between getting into debt and being cut off from jobs, healthcare, shops and schools.

Backed by Age Cymru, Citizens Advice Cymru, Save the Children and Sustrans Cymru it calls on politicians to tackle what they say is the growing problem "transport poverty."
It claims transport policy has been focused on the needs of motorists but a quarter of households have no car at all.

The charities say it can be a particular problem in rural areas where jobs and services are more widely dispersed and in areas of high unemployment where people are forced to travel outside of their communities to find work.

They say there are eight council areas where more than half the population live in "transport poverty" - in Blaenau Gwent, Merthyr Tydfil, Caerphilly, Neath Port Talbot, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Torfaen, Bridgend and Newport.

Rather than a cut in fuel tax, the report calls for more investment in alternatives such as public transport, car clubs and routes for walking and cycling.

Lee Waters of Sustrans Cymru said: "It is shameful that not having a car in many parts of Wales severely limits your chances in life.

"In assuming that everyone has easy access to a car, we have forced thousands into ownership that they simply can't afford.

"If Wales is serious about tackling poverty, we must make sure that people can access the jobs and services they need, regardless of where they live.

"This means building a transport system that is available to all, not just those who can afford to drive."

Last month the Welsh government said it was having to cut £3m from its local transport subsidy due to a squeeze on its budget.

The report calls for the decision to be reversed and other recommendations include calling on the UK government to ring-fence fuel duty for investment in alternative transport.

The Welsh government said its national transport plan had brought forward investment to make the transport system work better to help tackle poverty and assist economic growth.

A spokesperson added: "We are realistic about what we can achieve and are putting resources where they will make the most difference to people's lives.

"Our focus is on improving mobility and connectivity so that people can access the things they need, such as jobs, health care, education, child care, friends and family
.
"Through our ongoing work with interest groups we can continue to address the issues of transport poverty through concessionary fares schemes and more sustainable transport options.

"Our Highways and Transport Bill will also make it easier and safer for people to make shorter journeys by walking and cycling."

HM Treasury said the UK government's position on fuel duty was set out at the Autumn Statement.

"It already includes over £4bn worth of help for motorists across two years, including a 6p cut in fuel duty last year," said a spokesman.

Saturday, 14 January 2012

How money is created


Ben Dyson of Positive Money explains the Debt Crisis

Ben Dyson gives clear answers to 3 Key Questions: Who creates money? How much money do they create? What do they do with the money they create? 

He shares some very interesting and profoundly important facts and shows how far the reality of banking is away from the text-book model of banking and which major implications the current system has on our lives.

How do banks create money out of nothing? How do they create money as debt? Has money been privatised? 

We recommend it as an educational tool and encourage the widest distribution and use by all groups concerned with the present unsustainable monetary system.

Presented at the Positive Money Conference in London.

Saturday, 12 November 2011

Money and the Economy - Fractional Reserve Banking


This is a very clear exposition of the monetary system and fractional reserve banking.
He also touches on timebanking and other form of alternative currencies as well as the Occupy movement
Raf Manji is a former London investment banker who moved to Christchurch and founded the independent policy development space, the Sustento Institute .


Much recommended.

Wednesday, 9 November 2011

Savers vs Speculators


Savers lose £43bn in ‘slow motion bank robbery’ with worse to come

Ian Cowie joined The Daily Telegraph in 1986 and became personal finance editor in 1989. He became head of personal finance, Telegraph Media Group, in 2008. He is @iancowie on Twitter



the Telegraph, 
9 November, 2011

Savers have been stealthily robbed of £43bn of the real value of their savings since the Bank of England froze interest rates at 0.5pc nearly 32 months ago but there could be worse to come.

That's the total shrinkage of bank and building society depositors' purchasing power caused by inflation, according to the pressure group Save Our Savers , following last month’s calculations by Yorkshire Building Society that the average saver has lost £2,500 in real terms since the credit crisis began. Pensioners have suffered even more because higher than average proportions of their fixed incomes are spent on food and fuel.

They are the largely silent victims of the Bank of England's policy of running negative real interest rates. Now, as if that slow motion bank robbery does not seem bad enough, independent experts say history suggests the crisis in the eurozone could cause inflation to rise much more rapidly in future as governments take desperate steps to avoid a global slump.

Mike Warburton of accountants Grant Thornton told me: “This may be a good time for your readers to recall what happened in 1914, especially since it is Armistice day on Friday. After Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo the financial markets froze and, as an emergency measure to inject liquidity, the main central banks agreed to take part in a form of quantitative easing.

“It worked, in that the markets recovered to some form of normality and operated throughout the war, but it came at a price. Until then inflation had been very low and stable. The impact of quantitative easing came out in due course as inflation.

“My fear is that the same thing will happen to us. It seems that all the warning signs and political manoeuvrings were ignored by the financial markets and policymakers until the problem hit them in the face. I can’t help thinking the euro crisis is drifting in the same way.”

Needless to say, worse things happened at sea and elsewhere at that time – for example, at Jutland and on the Somme – but the insidious effect of inflation on savers was devastating. 

According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) the real value or purchasing power of the pound actually increased during 1914 because of the deflationary impact of the slump on economic confidence but quantitative easing pushed inflation into double figures – 12.5pc – in 1915; followed by 18.1pc in 1916 and 25.2pc in 1917. The annual rate of inflation did not fall below 20pc until 1919.

By that time, the purchasing power of money had been cut in half. This demonstrates how quickly inflation can get out of control – and the dangers of central banks and politicians being tempted to think that a little inflation cannot do any harm. Mr Warburton added: “That’s what I call a warning from history.”

Finally, looking ahead to Remembrance Sunday this weekend and bearing in mind that some things are more important than money, the events of nearly a century ago may hold a lesson for today’s anti-capitalist demonstrators camped outside St Paul’s Cathedral.

John Newlands of Brewin Dolphin and author of the definitive history of investment trusts ‘Put Not Your Trust in Money’ points out that the London Stock Exchange website entry for 1914 records: “The Great War means the Exchange market is closed from the end of July, until the new year. The Stock Exchange Battalion of Royal Fusiliers is formed – 1,600 volunteered, 400 never returned.”

Let's hope today's protestors don't disrupt this weekend's Remembrance Sunday, whatever they may think of the City and its workers.